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Voltage Drop at 300 Feet

Everything about a 300 ft one-way run on one page: at 240 V and a 3% budget, a 20 A load needs 6 AWG copper and a 50 A load needs 2 AWG copper. The quick-answer table and the full percent-drop matrices are below.

Voltage Drop
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Advanced — units, power factor, parallel sets, energy cost
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Voltage Drop
Percent Drop
Voltage at Load
Power Lost
Wire Resistance
Ampacity 75°C
0%3% branch5% total8%+

Minimum wire size at 300 ft — 3% drop

Load120 V copper240 V copper240 V aluminum
15 A4 AWG8 AWG4 AWG
20 A3 AWG6 AWG4 AWG
30 A2 AWG4 AWG2 AWG
40 A1/0 AWG3 AWG1 AWG
50 A2/0 AWG2 AWG1/0 AWG
60 A2/0 AWG2 AWG2/0 AWG
80 A4/0 AWG1/0 AWG3/0 AWG
100 A250 kcmil2/0 AWG4/0 AWG

Percent drop at 300 ft — 120 V, copper

Copper \ Amps15 A20 A30 A40 A50 A60 A80 A100 A
14 AWG23.030.746.0†61.4†76.8†92.1†122.8†153.5†
12 AWG14.519.329.0†38.6†48.2†57.9†77.2†96.5†
10 AWG9.112.118.224.2†30.2†36.3†48.4†60.5†
8 AWG5.77.611.515.319.122.9†30.6†38.2†
6 AWG3.74.97.49.812.314.719.6†24.6†
4 AWG2.33.14.66.27.79.212.315.4†
3 AWG1.82.53.74.96.17.39.812.2
2 AWG1.51.92.93.94.95.87.89.7
1 AWG1.21.52.33.13.94.66.27.7
1/0 AWG0.91.21.82.43.13.74.96.1
2/0 AWG0.71.01.51.92.42.93.94.8
3/0 AWG0.60.81.11.51.92.33.13.8
4/0 AWG0.50.60.91.21.51.82.43.0

Percent drop at 300 ft — 240 V, copper

Copper \ Amps15 A20 A30 A40 A50 A60 A80 A100 A
14 AWG11.515.423.0†30.7†38.4†46.0†61.4†76.8†
12 AWG7.29.714.5†19.3†24.1†29.0†38.6†48.2†
10 AWG4.56.09.112.1†15.1†18.2†24.2†30.2†
8 AWG2.93.85.77.69.611.5†15.3†19.1†
6 AWG1.82.53.74.96.17.49.8†12.3†
4 AWG1.21.52.33.13.94.66.27.7†
3 AWG0.91.21.82.53.13.74.96.1
2 AWG0.71.01.51.92.42.93.94.9
1 AWG0.60.81.21.51.92.33.13.9
1/0 AWG0.50.60.91.21.51.82.43.1
2/0 AWG0.40.50.71.01.21.51.92.4
3/0 AWG0.30.40.60.81.01.11.51.9
4/0 AWG0.20.30.50.60.80.91.21.5

Read across your load, down your gauge: ≤3.0 passes the NEC branch recommendation, ≤5.0 the total budget. Cells marked † exceed the 75 °C copper ampacity for that load — undersized regardless of drop. For aluminum multiply any value by ~1.61; for three-phase multiply by 0.866.

Frequently Asked Questions

What size wire do I need for 300 feet?

It depends on the load: at 240 V and 3%, 300 ft needs 8 AWG at 15 A, 6 AWG at 20 A, and 2 AWG at 50 A. At 120 V, sizes step up roughly two gauges — see the table above.

Is 300 feet measured one-way or round trip?

One-way — source to load. The return path is already in the formula (×2 single-phase, ×√3 three-phase), so don't double your measurement.

Built & maintained by Murugan Vellaichamy · Every calculation verified against NEC Chapter 9 Table 8 & Table 310.16 published values · Informational reference — not engineering advice