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Breaker Size Calculator

Two answers in one verdict: the standard breaker rating (125% of continuous load, NEC 210.20(A)) and the minimum conductor that legally pairs with it — because a breaker protects the wire, and the pair must be sized together.

The pairing logic

Size in this order: load → breaker → wire. A continuous load is multiplied by 125%, rounded up to a standard rating; the conductor's ampacity must then meet or exceed that rating, with the NEC 240.4(D) small-conductor caps applied (14 AWG copper is capped at 15 A, 12 at 20 A, 10 at 30 A, regardless of what the 75 °C table says). The wire shown here is the thermal minimum — on any run past ~75 ft, voltage drop usually demands a bigger conductor, which is fine: the breaker protects the smaller of the pair, and bigger wire on a given breaker is always legal.

Oversizing a breaker to stop nuisance trips is the classic dangerous mistake — it removes the wire's protection. If a breaker trips on a correctly sized circuit, the problem is the load or the circuit design, not the breaker.

The pairing rules
Breaker ≥ 1.25 × Icontinuous → next standard size · Wire ampacity ≥ breaker
125%NEC 210.20(A): continuous loads (3+ hours) need 25% headroom
standardratings climb 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60 A…
240.4(D)small-conductor caps: 14 Cu→15 A, 12 Cu→20 A, 10 Cu→30 A

The breaker protects the wire — size load → breaker → wire, in that order, and never upsize a breaker to stop trips.

Worked example — 32 A continuous load

  1. Required rating: 32 × 1.25 = 40 A — already a standard size.
  2. Minimum copper with ampacity ≥ 40 A: 8 AWG (50 A at 75 °C; 10 AWG is capped at 30 A by 240.4(D)).
  3. 40 A breaker + 8 AWG copper minimum. Long run? The wire grows for voltage drop; the breaker stays at 40 A.

Frequently Asked Questions

What size breaker for a 32 A continuous load?

32 × 1.25 = 40 A — and 8 AWG copper minimum to pair with it. The calculator applies exactly this chain.

Can the wire be bigger than the breaker requires?

Always — upsizing wire for voltage drop while keeping the breaker matched to the load is standard practice. The reverse (breaker bigger than the wire's rating) is the violation.

Built & maintained by Murugan Vellaichamy · Every calculation verified against NEC Chapter 9 Table 8 & Table 310.16 published values · Informational reference — not engineering advice